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High fructose feeding has been suggested to involve in several features of metabolic syndrome including hyperuricemia (HP). We designed and implemented a study to determine the effect size of fructose intake and the relative risk of HP based on the type of fructose feeding (diet or solution), duration of treatment (2–6, 7–10, and > 10 weeks), and animal race. The required information was accepted from international databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, Science Direct, Scopus, and etc., from 2009 until 2019 on the basis of predetermined eligibility criteria. The data selection and extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two researchers. Results were pooled as random effects weighting and reported as standardized mean differences with 95% confidence intervals. Thirty-five studies including 244 rats with fructose consumption were included in the final analysis. The heterogeneity rate of parameters was high (I2 = 81.3%, p 10 weeks; I2 = 82.8%), 3) the animal race (Wistar; I2 = 78.6%, Sprague-Dawley; I2 = 83.9%). Overall, the pooled estimate for the all parameters was significant (p < 0.001). The results of this study indicated that a significant relationship between HP and fructose intake regardless of the treatment duration, animal race, fructose concentration and route of consumption.
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Statement of the Problem: Periodontal diseases are complex oral diseases charac-terized by bacterial-induced inflammatory destruction of tooth-supporting tissues. Porphyromonas gingivalis [P. gingivalis] is a common gram-negative anaerobic oral bacteria strongly associated with periodontal disease
Purpose: The present study was conducted to estimate prevalence of P. gingivalis in patients with periodontal diseases by using meta-analysis method
Martials and Method: Different databases including PubMed, EmBase, Scopus, the Institute for Scientific Information [ISI] Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched to identify original English-language studies addressing prevalence of P. gingivalis in periodontal diseases up to December 2014. The ran-dom effects model was applied in the meta-analysis and the heterogeneity between studies was assessed using a Cochran test and the I2 index. Funnel plots and Egger test were used to examine publication bias. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA version 12
Results: Forty-two eligible studies published during 1993- 2016 were selected for meta-analysis. Considering all the included studies, the total sample size was 5,884 individuals containing 2,576 healthy people with a mean age of 37.21+/-7.45 years and 3,308 periodontal patients with a mean age of 44.16+/-8.35 years. Overall, the prevalence of P. gingivalis was 78% [95% CI: 74-81] in periodontal diseases group and 34% [95% CI: 26-41] in healthy individuals. There was a significantly higher prevalence of P.gingivalis in individuals with periodontal diseases compared to healthy subjects [78% versus 34%, respectively]
Conclusion: This study indicates that P. gingivalis is highly present in subjects with periodontal diseases and it also appears in periodontally healthy people, alt-hough to a lesser extent. Thus, the presence of P. gingivalis increases the chance of periodontal disease and it can be considered as a main potential risk factor
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BACKGROUND: It is recognized that socioeconomic status (SES) has a significant impact on health and wellbeing; however, the effect of SES on suicide is contested. This study explored the effect of SES in suicide deaths and decomposed inequality into its determinants to calculate relative contributions. METHODS: Through a cross-sectional study, 546 suicide deaths and 6,818 suicide attempts from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2014 in Ilam Province, Western Iran were explored. Inequality was measured by the absolute concentration index (ACI) and decomposed contributions were identified. All analyses were performed using STATA ver. 11.2 (Stata Corp., College Station, TX, USA). RESULTS: The overall ACI for suicide deaths was −0.352 (95% confidence interval, −0.389 to −0.301). According to the results, 9.8% of socioeconomic inequality in suicide deaths was due to addiction in attempters. ACI ranged from −0.34 to −0.03 in 2010–2014, showing that inequality in suicide deaths declined over time. CONCLUSION: Findings showed suicide deaths were distributed among the study population unequally, and our results confirmed a gap between advantaged and disadvantaged attempters in terms of death. Socioeconomic inequalities in suicide deaths tended to diminish over time, as suicide attempts progressed in Ilam Province.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cross-Sectional Studies , Iran , Social Class , Socioeconomic Factors , Suicide , Suicide, Attempted , Vulnerable PopulationsABSTRACT
Background: Many women experience sexual dysfunction following childbirth but this has not been well investigated in Iran. The aim of this study was to evaluate women’s sexual function in the postpartum period in Iran. It also sought to determine predicting factors associated with their sexual function. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study among 380 postpartum women attending 10 urban health centers in Ilam province in southwestern Iran. Participants were selected using random cluster sampling. Data was collected using the female sexual function index (FSFI) and a checklist of socio-demographic and maternal status for each of the women. Sexual dysfunction was classified according to an FSFI score of ≤ 28. Data were analysed using SPSS version 22. Results: The majority of participants (76.3%) had sexual dysfunction. Primiparity (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.78 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.11, 2.94); P = 0.006) and exclusive breastfeeding (aOR: 2.47 (95% CI: 1.21, 5.03); P = 0.012) were associated with increased odds of experiencing sexual dysfunction in the postpartum period. Other factors such as age, type of delivery, education, time since delivery and family income did not predict women’s postpartum sexual function. Conclusion: This study confirmed findings of previous studies on factors that may have an adverse effect on new mothers’ sexual function in the postpartum period. However the effect of type of delivery on postpartum sexual function remains unclear.
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Background: The ever-growing elderly population of Iran and their physical and mental consequences put emphasis on the necessity of determining the quality of life [QoL] in this social group. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the mean score of QoL in Iranian elderly citizens
Methods: Twenty-one articles that were indexed in Iranian [MagIran and Iran Medex] and international [Scientific Information Database, Google Scholars, Science Direct, PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus] databases were selected. The articles have used the Short Form Health Survey [SF-36] to measure QoL in Iranian elderly. The collected data were analyzed using a random effects model, while heterogeneity of the studies was measured by I2 index. The data analysis was performed by STATA
Results: The sample size of the 21 articles was 5318 and the mean score of QoL in the healthy and sick elderly citizens was 53.8 [CI 95%: 49.4-58.2] and 50.6 [CI 95%: 38.4-62.9] respectively. In addition, there was no significant relationship between the score of QoL and the year of publication of the articles. [P=0.748]
Conclusion: Given that QoL of the studied elderly was almost at an average level, there is a need to codify and implement comprehensive programs through effective training programs toward improving QoL of the elderly
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OBJECTIVES: Infertility has a significant impact on a women's quality of life (QOL). Infertile women face with physical and mental challenges during their postmenopausal period. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the QOL among Iranian infertile women in the postmenopausal period using a valid and reliable instrument. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study both snowball and social networking methods were used for sampling. Two demographic and QOL questionnaire were used for data collection. The QOL questionnaire includes 41 items which measure the QOL in five dimensions: socioeconomic, mental health, religiousness, physical health and future imagining. Data analyzed was carried out in IBM SPSS ver. 20.0 using descriptive statistic, χ2 test, and Fisher test. A P value of 0.01 or less was considered significant. RESULTS: Overall 211 eligible participants were studied. Some participants obtained full score on socioeconomic, religiousness, physical health and future imagining dimensions of QOL but none on the mental health dimension of the QOL. Only, 6.6% of study participants have a good QOL. There was a significant relationship between age and financial provider whit status of QOL. CONCLUSION: Most Iranian infertile women in the postmenopausal period have poor or moderate QOL. Therefore, improving the QOL among these women should be considered.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Cross-Sectional Studies , Data Collection , Infertility , Menopause , Mental Health , Postmenopause , Quality of LifeABSTRACT
Background: Humans health has various dimensions and spiritual health is placed at the top of these dimensions. When an individual has a higher spiritual health, he will get closer to God. The purpose of this study was to evaluate validation of spiritual health questionnaire from Islamic view using explanatory factor analysis [EFA].
Materials and methods: In this descriptive- analytical study, one hundred nurse students at Ilam University of Medical Sciences were selected using stratified sampling. Spiritual health questionnaire based on Islam's perspective was used in this study which consisted of 20 questions. Cronbach's alpha coefficients and explanatory factor analysis were used to assess the validity and internal consistency of the questionnaire
Results: Explanatory factor analysis showed that the spiritual health questionnaire is composed of six independent factors which had the following variance percentage: first, contemplation in spiritual health [variance of 14.2%]; second, responsibility causing a purposeful life [variance of 12.4%]; third, the role of having relationship with God in spiritual health [variance of 10.4%]; fourth, the believe that man is the most noble creature [variance of 10.4%]; fifth, God has created the world [variance of 9.9%]; and sixth, God does care about human problems [variance:8.4]
Conclusion: According to the results of explanatory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha, the spiritual health questionnaire from Islamic view can be a useful tool for assessing spiritual health in Islam
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Background: Suicide has become an increasingly widespread form of morbidity in the developing countries. There has been an increasing trend in morbidity and mortality due to suicide in Iran over the past few decades. This study surveyed attempts and completed suicide over a 5-year period
Methods: Through a cross-sectional study, overall identified suicides by systematic registration suicide data [SRSD] in Ham Province, western Iran from 21 March 2010 to 11 December 2014 were enrolled. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used for measuring the association between the risk factors of interest and suicide. The statistical software package was Stata 11.2
Results: A Suicide attempts have slightly increased in Ham during 2010-2014, during which, 6,818 attempted suicides occurred of which 546 were completed. The odds of completed suicide was higher among older age groups than younger ones so that the crude OR estimates of completed suicide among people aged 50 to 59 yr against people aged <20 yr was [OR=6.99; 95% Cl: 3.02, 11.07]
The crude and adjusted odds ratio [OR] estimates of completed suicide in males against females were [OR=3.22; 95% Cl: 2.58, 3.93] and [OR=3.66; 95% Cl: 3.03, 4.11], respectively. Significant excess risk also appeared with academic against illiterate attempters [OR=2.31; 95% Cl: 1.35, 3.95]
Results showed no increasing trend in the suicide method. Some methods such as self-immolation had decreasing trend over time, although it was not statistically significant [P=0.089]
Conclusions: We observed the variety of suicide risk factors that calls for more diversity in preventative programs. Distribution of suicide methods is diverse across the period of the study
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Background and Aim: Iranian physicians and nurses are not aware of the total extent of HB vaccination, as the most effective way of preventing HBV infection. The current review study aimed at determining the extent of HB vaccination in these two groups
Materials and Methods: The current study was done on the basis of received information from Magiran, Iran medex, IranDoc, SID, Medlib and international databases including Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed, Science Direct and also Google Scholar searching motor between . 1993 and 2015, using standard key words. Searching and extraction of data was independently done by two . reviewers. Then, the reviewed articles that had the inclusion criteria were studied. The obtained data was analyzed by means of random effect model and meta-analyses method, using Stata software [Ver:11.1]
Results: A total of 4104 subjects were studied in 16 articles. . Hepatitis B vaccination history in physicians and nurses were 88.7% [CI: 95%: 81.4-96] and 93.5% [CI: 95%: 65.3-86.7], respectively. Hepatitis B vaccination coverage of physicians and nurses was estimated to be 73.1 % [ CI: 95%: 53.2-92.9] and 76% [CI: 95%: 65.3-86.7], respectively. The relationship between hepatitis B vaccinations coverage with the year of study in physicians was not statistically significant [P=0.146]. But, in nurses this relationship was significant [P=0.016]
Conclusion: The obtained results show in spite of the fact that approximately two-thirds of physicians and nurses have their complete vaccination plan this fraction is far from an ideal state and it requires to be
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The present study aimed to investigate the influence of histological factors on survival of patients with esophageal cancer. Esophageal cancer is almost the common form of malignancy in the eastern world. Through a retrospective cohort study a consecutive series of 134 patients with definite diagnosis of esophageal cancer who had been hospitalized at the Towhid hospital, Sanandaj city, Kurdistan province western Iran during a five-year period from 2006 onward were recruited. The survival time of patients stratified by this grouping method were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression. Overall, 127 males [55.1%], with a mean age of 65.38 +/- 11.62 years were included. Based on histological type of tumor, 23 patients [18.1%] had adenocarcinoma [AC] and 94 patients [74.0%] had squamous cell carcinoma [SCC]. Gender was not significantly associated with survival [Log rank =0.480]. Location of tumor [log rank=0.014], histological type [log rank
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Esophageal cancer is often diagnosed in the last stages where the chance of patient's survival is very low. The aim of this systematic review was presentation of valid estimation of survival in patients with esophageal cancer in different regions of Iran. A systematic review was carried out based on the reliable domestic medical databases including: SID, Magiran, Irandoc and Iranmedex as well as reliable foreign databases like PubMed and Scopus using "Cancer", "Esophagus", "survival" "Neoplasms" and "Longevity" as keywords. Then all the reviewed articles and dissertations which met the entry criteria were analyzed. The data were analyzed by using meta-analysis method [random model] and by means of STATA software application version 11.1. In 18 studies the total numbers of 2932 people were analyzed. The one year survival rate in Iran is estimated at 47 percent [95% CI: 34-61] and the five year survival rate is estimated at 12% [95% CI: 8-16]. The two, three and four year survival rates were 31% [95% CI: 18-44], 22% [95% CI: 13-31] and 21% [95% CI: 4-38], respectively. According to the findings one year survival rate for esophageal cancer in Iran is almost four times higher than its five year survival rate. Moreover the five year survival rate in Iran is less than many other countries
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Distribution of Tuberculosis [TB] has a special template affected by geographic and social factors. Nowadays Geographical Information System [GIS] software is one of the most important and useful epidemiologic devise for identifying geographic areas and high risk population for infection by TB. Aim of this study was assessment of Tuberculosis distribution by GIS in Khuzestan province, Iran. In this retrospective cohort study, documents of 6363 TB patients identified, in Khuzestan province at the beginning of 2005 until the end of the September of 2012 were assessed and sampling method was census. The data was gathered by TB-Register Center. TB incidence was evaluated by GIS maps according to climatic and vegetation with 1:25, 000 scale. The data was analyzed in SPSS software and means plot and Independent's t-test, ANOVA with a significance level of less than 5% and Eta Correlation. Spread of Tuberculosis in climatic and vegetation were plotted in GIS maps, accumulative incidence rate was calculated separately for each area. There was a statistical significant relationship between cumulative incidence rate of disease and climatic [P=0.017] and the Eta correlation coefficient was 0.379 [P=0.011]. There was a statistical significant relationship between cumulative incidence rate of TB and vegetation [P=0.004] and the Eta correlation coefficient was 0.388 [P=0.188]. Mean age and median age of patients were 39.3 +/- 18 and 35+6.5 years respectively. For women, mean age was 2.1 years older than men and this difference was statistically significant. [P=0.0001]. The risk of TB infection is closely associated with the climatic and vegetation. So the risk of TB in extra-dry climate and vegetation of highland meadows is more than other areas. Special care and services to high-risk areas is recommended
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Exercise and rehabilitation are important methods for decreasing the risk factors of coronary artery disease [CAD]. We aimed to evaluate the effect of the cardiac rehabilitation [CR] exercise program on the cardiac structure and physiology in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI]. In this randomized controlled study, 146 patients with CAD were divided equally into two groups: case group [undertaking CR after PCI] and control group [without rehabilitation after PCI]. All the patients in the case group underwent echocardiography [before and after CR], and echocardiography was performed for the control group simultaneously. The CR exercise program encompassed 24 sessions, twice or three times a week, with each session lasting between 15 and 45 minutes, depending on the individual patient's tolerance. Left ventricular [LV] ejection fraction, LV diastolic function, LV end-systolic and diastolic diameter, and right ventricular [RV] end-diastolic diameter were measured in the CR group before and after rehabilitation and compared to those in the control group at the same times. In this study, 146 patients [46 female and 100 male] were evaluated: 73 in the rehabilitation group and 73 in the control group. The mean age of the patients in the CR and control groups was 58.05 +/- 10.27 and 56.76 +/- 10.07 years, respectively. The CR exercise program had useful effects on LV diastolic function after PCI. The distribution of LV diastolic dysfunction after the CR exercise program was changed significantly only in the CR group [p value = 0.043]. In the CR group, normal, grade I, grade II, and grade III LV diastolic dysfunction were observed in 20.5%, 69.8%, 6.8%, and 2.7%, respectively. This distribution was changed respectively to 30.1%, 61.6%, 5.4%, and 2.7% following CR, which showed a significant improvement due to CR in LV diastolic function, most prominently in the patients with grade I diastolic dysfunction [p value = 0.390]. There was no significant change in LV and RV diameter before and after rehabilitation, while the ejection fraction increased significantly [p value < 0.05] in both groups. The RC exercise program can be effective in the augmentation of LV diastolic dysfunction after PCI, without significant changes in LV diameters
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Background: The ability of tumour suppressor protein p53 [P53] to regulate cell cycle processes can be modulated by hepatitis B virus [HBV]. While preliminary evidences indicates the involvement of protein-x of HBV [HBx] in altering p53 DNA binding, no further data have been accumulated for the significance of serum p53 in chronic hepatitis B virus infected patients
Methods: 72 non-cirrhotic and 19 cirrhotic patients infected by HBV were enrolled for the analysis in this study. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA] was performed to study the concentrations of serum p53 protein. The tertiary structures of HBx and P53 were docked by Z-dock and Hex servers for in-silico protein-protein interaction analysis
Results: There was a significant association between the serum p53 and cirrhosis [OR=1.81 95% CI: 1.017-3.2, P=0.044]. Cirrhotic patients had higher level of serum p53 compare with chronic infection of HBV [1.98 +/- 1.22 vs. 1.29 +/- 0.72 U/ml, P=0.05]. No evidence of correlation was seen between the different variables such as age, gender, log viral load, serum alkaline phosphatase [ALP] and alanine aminotransferase [ALT] with serum p53. Tertiary model shows that the amino acid residues from Arg110 to Lys132 of the N-terminal of P53 which is critical for ubiquitination, are bonded to a region in N- terminal of HBx amino acid residues from Arg19 to Ser33
Conclusion: There is an increase in serum p53 in HBV-related cirrhosis patients. In this case, HBx might be responsible for such higher concentration of p53 through HBx-p53 protein-protein interaction, as is shown by molecular modeling approach
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Worldwide prevalence of infertility has been reported to be 3-7% of all couples. There are varieties among the results of studies conducted on the prevalence of infertility in Iran. The present study aimed to evaluate the trend of infertility using meta-analysis method in Iran. We systematically reviewed all published papers in Medline database of the National Library of Medicine and their Persian equivalents [2001-2011]. Findings which met the inclusion criteria were included. Random effects meta-analysis was applied to the data of 13 selected populations. Data manipulation and statistical analyses were performed using STATA. Overall, 13 studies met our inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of infertility was 13.2% [95% CI: 8-18.3]. The pooled prevalence of primary and secondary infertility were reported to be 5.2% [95% CI: 3.7 - 6.6] and 3.2% [95%CI: 2 - 4.4], respectively. The lowest and highest frequency of lifetime prevalence of infertility was 2.8% in 2001 and 24.9% in 2010, respectively. Meta- regression scatter plot showed an increasing trend in the prevalence of infertility during 2001- 2011 [P = 0.58]. Meta-regression did not indicate a significant correlation between the sample sizes and the prevalence of infertility [P = 0.64]. The pooled infertility prevalence in Iran is higher than its mean worldwide, and lifetime infertility is increasing in recent years compared to the past in Iran
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Febrile seizure [FS] as the most common form of seizures in childhood, affects 2-5% of all children across the world. The present study reviews available reports on FS recurrence frequency and evaluates its associated risk factors in Iran. We searched the Persian database such as: SID, MagIran, Medlip, Irandoc, Iranmedex as well as English databases PubMed, ISI, and Scopus. Random effects models were used to calculate 95% confidence intervals. Meta regression was introduced to explore the heterogeneity between studies. The overall FS recurrence rate was 20.9% [95% confidence interval [CI]: 12.3-29.5%]. The frequency of FS simple and complex types was 69.3% [95% CI: 59.5-79.0] and 25.3% [95% CI: 19.6-31.0], respectively. A positive familial history of 28.8% [95% CI: 19.3-38.4%] was observed for childhood FS including 36.2% [95% CI: 27.3-39.6%] for the simple and 29.4% [95% CI: 23.1-33.5%] for the complex type. The heterogeneity of recurrent FS was significantly affected by sample size [P=0.026]. Almost one-third of FS children had a positive familial history. The increased risk of recurrence in patients with symptomatic seizures needs to be fully considered by parents, physicians, nurses and health policy makers
Subject(s)
Humans , Recurrence , Child , Sudden Infant Death/etiology , Meta-Analysis , Risk Factors , Confidence IntervalsABSTRACT
A few factors appear to boost a child's risk of having recurrent febrile seizures, including young age during the first seizure, seizure type, and having immediate family members with a history of febrile seizures. The present study aimed to provide reliable information about recurrent febrile seizure in Iranian children. On the computerized literature valid on valid keyword with search in valid database PubMed, Scientific Information Databases [SID [, Global medical article limberly [Medlib], Iranian Biomedical Journals [Iran Medex], Iranian Journal Database [Magiran], and Google Scholar recruited in different geographic areas. To explore heterogeneity in studies I[2] index was used. Meta-analysis used to data analysis with random effects model. Hospital data of 4,599 children with febrile seizure. Overall, 21 studies met our inclusion criteria. Febrile seizure in 2 age groups [<2 and 2-6 years] were 55.8% [95% CI: 50.4-61.2] and 44.2% [95% CI: 38.8-61.2] respectively. Pooled recurrent rate of febrile seizure in Iran was 20.9% [95% CI: 12.3-29.5]. In 28.8 [95% CI: 19.3-38.4], children there was positive family history. The mean prevalence of simple and complex seizures was 69.3% [95% CI: 59.5-79.0] and 28.3% [95% CI: 19.6-31.0] respectively. The rates in different geographical regions of central, east, and west of Iran, 25, 20.8 and 27.1% were estimated, respectively. According to the data the prevalence febrile seizure is higher in males and children under two years. Recurrence rate in Iran, similar to other studies performed in other regions of the world
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There is a correlation between stress levels with motor activity and food habits. The present study aimed to determine the correlation between controlling stress with motor activity, food habits and desired variables in health students. Through a cross-sectional study using randomized sampling, 100 health students were recruited. The Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II [HPLP II] questionnaire including controlling stress and other variables was administered. Collected data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney and linear regression tests in SPSS software. Mean and standard deviation of age and controlling stress score was 22.77 +/- 2.24 years and 20.22 +/- 3.6, respectively. 51% of the participants were female. In general, poor, middle and good stress control were estimated to be 36%, 49% and 15%, respectively. There were significant correlation between students' controlling stress with motor activity and food habits but not with age, gender, nativity and major of students. Linear regression showed that by improving motor activity and food habits score, the students' stress control score has increased significantly. Health education in advanced levels considering motor activity and a good nutritional status can have an important role in improvement of students' stress control
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Assessing coping strategies of nurses has an important role in determination of nurses and clients' needs and resolving their problems. The current study aimed to examine the association among nurses' coping strategies and their gender and workplace in Jahrom hospitals. A descriptive correlational study, in which 158 nurses were recruited using stratified sampling method was conducted in Jahrom hospitals in 2011. The Lazarus and Folkman coping strategies standard questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 19. More than one-third of participants [41.1%] were male and 11.3% worked in Emergency departments. The mean score of distancing strategy and Seeking Social Support coping was higher in men and women, respectively [P<0.000 for both]. There were significant relationship among self-controlling, accepting responsibility, escape-avoidance, plan full problem solving, positive reappraisal and seeking social support coping with workplace of nurses [p<0.01], there was no significant correlation among Confronted and Distancing Coping mechanisms and workplace. Gender and workplace were found to be associated with coping strategies of nurses